Root Canal Treatment

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When the pulp becomes infected or inflamed—often due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures on the same tooth, cracks, chips, or trauma—a root canal treatment becomes necessary to save the tooth and prevent further complications.

What is Root Canal Treatment?

A Root Canal Treatment (RCT) is a dental procedure performed to treat infection, inflammation, or damage within the inner part of a tooth, known as the pulp. The pulp is located in the center of the tooth and contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue that help nourish the tooth during its development. However, once a tooth is fully matured, it can survive without the pulp, relying instead on surrounding tissues for nourishment.

When the pulp becomes infected or inflamed—often due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures on the same tooth, cracks, chips, or trauma—a root canal treatment becomes necessary to save the tooth and prevent further complications.

BEWARE

Signs You May Need a Root Canal

You might need a root canal if you are experiencing any of the following symptoms:

Severe Toothache Pain

Persistent or sharp pain, especially when chewing or putting pressure on the tooth.

Prolonged Sensitivity

Lingering discomfort after exposure to hot or cold foods and drinks, even after they are removed.

Darkening or Discoloration

A tooth that appears darker than surrounding teeth, often a sign of internal nerve damage.

Swelling and Tenderness

Inflammation or soreness in the gums near the affected tooth, which may indicate infection.

Recurring Pimples / Bumps

Small bumps or boils that may release pus, a possible sign of an underlying dental abscess.

Cracked or Chipped Tooth

Damage to the tooth structure can expose the pulp, allowing bacteria to enter and cause infection.

Deep Decay or Large Cavities

Extensive tooth decay that reaches the inner pulp can lead to infection and require root canal treatment.

Loosening of the Tooth

A tooth that feels loose without clear cause may be a result of infection weakening the surrounding bone.

PROCEDURE

Root Canal Procedure

A root canal is typically performed by a dentist or endodontist and may require one or more appointments.

1st
Step
Diagnosis and Imaging

X-rays are taken to assess the extent of infection and shape of the root canals.

2nd
Step
Anesthesia

Local anesthesia is administered to numb the tooth and surrounding tissues.

3rd
Step
Access Opening

A small opening is made in the crown of the tooth to access the pulp chamber.

4th
Step
Cleaning and Shaping

Infected or dead pulp tissue is removed. Then the canals are cleaned, disinfected, and shaped using specialized instruments.

5th
Step
Filling the Canals

Cleaned canals are filled with a biocompatible material (usually gutta-percha) and sealed.

6th
Step
Sealing the Tooth

A temporary or permanent filling is placed to seal the opening.

7th
Step
Restoration

A crown is usually recommended to restore strength and function, especially for molars.

CARE

Post-Treatment Care

Following a root canal, it’s essential to care for your tooth properly to ensure healing and prevent reinfection.

What to do?

  • Take prescribed medication: Antibiotics or painkillers if advised.
  • Avoid chewing on the treated tooth until a crown is placed.
  • Maintain good oral hygiene: Brush and floss daily.
  • Follow-up visits: Attend all scheduled appointments for evaluation and permanent restoration.

What to Watch Out For:

  • Pain lasting more than a few days.
  • Swelling or pressure.
  • Uneven bite or crown.
  • Return of symptoms (may indicate reinfection or complications).

Preventing Future Root Canals

To keep your teeth healthy and reduce the risk of needing a root canal, it’s important to take preventive steps in your daily routine. Simple habits can go a long way in protecting your teeth from decay, damage, and infection. Here are some effective ways to maintain strong, healthy teeth and avoid future dental issues:

  • Brush and floss daily.
  • Visit your dentist regularly.
  • Avoid excessive sugar intake.
  • Wear a mouthguard if you grind your teeth.
  • Seek prompt care for cavities or dental trauma.

FAQs

Frequently Asked Questions

Thanks to modern anesthetics and technology, the procedure is relatively painless, often no more uncomfortable than getting a filling.

Typically 1 to 2 hours. Some complex cases may require multiple visits.

Over 95% success rate when properly performed and followed by proper crown placement.

Yes, if only local anesthesia is used and you feel well afterward.

For back teeth (molars), yes—it protects the tooth from breaking. For front teeth, a crown may or may not be required.

With good care, it can last a lifetime. However, the tooth is no longer alive and may become brittle over time, so a crown is essential for protection.

Tooth extraction, followed by:

  • Dental implant
  • Bridge
  • Partial denture.

These are generally more invasive and expensive than a root canal.

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